1. What is computer networking?
Ans:- Computer networking involves connecting and interconnecting computers and other devices to share resources and information.
2. What is a network protocol?
Ans:- A network protocol is a set of rules defining how data is transmitted and received over a network.
3. What is the OSI model?
Ans:- The OSI model is a conceptual framework that standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system into seven abstraction layers.
4. What is an IP address?
Ans:- An IP address is a numerical label assigned to each device participating in a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication.
5. What is the difference between IPv4 and IPv6?
Ans:- IPv4 uses 32-bit addresses, while IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses, allowing for a significantly larger address space.
6. What is a subnet mask?
Ans:- A subnet mask is used to divide an IP address into network and host portions, helping to organize and manage IP addresses.
7. What is a gateway in networking?
Ans:- A gateway is a device or software that connects two different networks, allowing communication between them.
8. What is a router?
Ans:- A router is a networking device that forwards data packets between computer networks.
9. What is a switch?
Ans:- A switch is a networking device that connects devices within the same local network and uses MAC addresses to forward data to the correct destination.
10. What is a hub in networking?
Ans:- A hub is a basic networking device that connects multiple devices in a local network, but it operates at the physical layer and does not filter data.
11. What is a firewall?
Ans:- A firewall is a network security device that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.
12. What is NAT (Network Address Translation)?
Ans:- NAT is a method used to map private IP addresses to a single public IP address, allowing multiple devices in a local network to share the same public IP.
13. What is DNS (Domain Name System)?
Ans:- DNS is a system that translates domain names into IP addresses, making it easier for users to access websites using human-readable names.
14. What is DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)?
Ans:- DHCP is a network protocol that automatically assigns IP addresses and other network configuration information to devices on a network.
15. What is a MAC address?
Ans:- A MAC address (Media Access Control address) is a unique identifier assigned to network interfaces for communications at the data link layer of a network segment.
16. What is a VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network)?
Ans:- A VLAN is a logical network segment created within a physical network, allowing devices to communicate as if they are on the same physical segment, regardless of their actual location.
17. What is a subnet?
Ans:- A subnet is a portion of a network that shares a common address component within an IP address.
18. What is latency in networking?
Ans:- Latency is the time it takes for data to travel from the source to the destination in a network.
19. What is bandwidth?
Ans:- Bandwidth is the maximum rate of data transfer across a network.
20. What is a proxy server?
Ans:- A proxy server acts as an intermediary between a user’s device and the internet, forwarding requests and responses.
21. What is a VPN (Virtual Private Network)?
Ans:- A VPN is a secure connection that allows users to access a private network over the internet, ensuring data confidentiality and security.
22. What is a Wi-Fi hotspot?
Ans:- A Wi-Fi hotspot is a physical location where people can access the internet using Wi-Fi technology.
23. What is the difference between half-duplex and full-duplex communication?
Ans:- In half-duplex communication, data can be transmitted in both directions but not simultaneously. In full-duplex communication, data can be transmitted in both directions simultaneously.
24. What is a WPA key in Wi-Fi security?
Ans:- A WPA key (Wi-Fi Protected Access key) is a security code used to protect a Wi-Fi network, ensuring that only authorized users can access it.
25. What is SSID (Service Set Identifier)?
Ans:- SSID is a unique identifier that distinguishes one wireless network from another. It is used in the process of connecting devices to Wi-Fi.
26. What is a MAC filtering in Wi-Fi security?
Ans:- MAC filtering is a security feature that allows or denies network access based on the MAC addresses of devices.
27. What is the purpose of traceroute?
Ans:- Traceroute is a diagnostic tool that traces the route packets take to reach a destination, showing the hops and latency between routers.
28. What is ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)?
Ans:- ICMP is a network layer protocol used to send error messages and operational information about network conditions.
29. What is a DHCP lease time?
Ans:- DHCP lease time is the duration for which a device is allowed to use an assigned IP address from a DHCP server.
30. What is PoE (Power over Ethernet)?
Ans:- PoE allows electrical power to be transmitted over Ethernet cables, enabling devices like IP cameras and VoIP phones to receive power and data over the same cable.
31. What is a DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) in networking?
Ans:- A DMZ is a network segment that sits between an organization’s internal network and an external network, often used to host publicly accessible services.
32. What is a proxy ARP?
Ans:- Proxy ARP is a technique where a device responds to ARP requests on behalf of another device, usually in scenarios where devices are on different subnets.
33. What is the purpose of a network gateway?
Ans:- A network gateway connects different networks, serving as an entry and exit point for data traffic.
34. What is BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)?
Ans:- BGP is a standardized exterior gateway protocol used to exchange routing information between different autonomous systems on the internet.
35. What is a network topology?
Ans:- Network topology refers to the physical or logical layout of devices and connections in a network.
36. What is QoS (Quality of Service)?
Ans:- QoS is a set of techniques to manage and prioritize network traffic to ensure a certain level of performance or quality for specific applications or users.
37. What is a network bridge?
Ans:- A network bridge connects two or more network segments and operates at the data link layer, forwarding data based on MAC addresses.
38. What is ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)?
Ans:- ARP is a protocol used to map an IP address to a physical MAC address in a local network.
39. What is the purpose of a network gateway?
Ans:- A network gateway connects different networks, serving as an entry and exit point for data traffic.
40. What is a subnet calculator?
Ans:- A subnet calculator is a tool used to calculate subnet masks, network addresses, and broadcast addresses based on an IP address and subnet size.
41. What is NTP (Network Time Protocol)?
Ans:- NTP is a protocol used to synchronize the clocks of devices in a network to a common time reference.
42. What is a proxy server?
Ans:- A proxy server acts as an intermediary between client devices and servers, forwarding requests and responses to enhance security and performance.
43. What is a honeypot in network security?
Ans:- A honeypot is a security mechanism designed to lure and detect attackers by simulating vulnerabilities and weak points.
44. What is a network bottleneck?
Ans:- A network bottleneck occurs when a part of the network becomes a limiting factor, reducing overall performance.
45. What is a VPN tunnel?
Ans:- A VPN tunnel is a secure, encrypted connection between two endpoints over a public network, providing a private communication channel.
46. What is a PING command used for?
Ans:- PING is a command-line utility used to test the reachability of a host on an internet protocol network.
47. What is SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)?
Ans:- SNMP is a protocol used to manage and monitor network devices, including routers, switches, and servers.
48. What is WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy)?
Ans:- WEP is a security protocol used to secure wireless networks, but it is now considered insecure due to vulnerabilities.
49. What is a network administrator?
Ans:- A network administrator is responsible for managing and maintaining computer networks within an organization.
50. What is the purpose of a network audit?
Ans:- A network audit involves evaluating and assessing the performance, security, and overall health of a computer network. It helps identify areas for improvement and potential vulnerabilities.
